Necessities vs. Luxuries

The only way to manage your expenses is to realize what are necessities and what are luxuries. For necessities, all you need is shelter, food, clothes, and some bathroom products.

Shelter means a roof over your head in a safe neighborhood, not a nice condo in a nice area next to your work. Food can be as minimal as rice, beans, some fruits and veggies, and the occasional meat. Clothes means a couple of outfits for work and something to keep you decent in other times. And, bathroom products are your basic shampoo, soap, toothpaste, etc.

If you are spending money on anything else, you are spending money on a luxury. I'm not saying that you should never buy clothes again or eat rice everyday. What I am saying is that if you are in credit card debt, cannot understand how you could possibly squeeze any money from your budget for retirement, or are living paycheck-to-paycheck and are spending money on luxuries, then you have no excuses as you are able to make a change and be able to save up an emergency fund, funds for retirement, and finally money for something fun.

Everyone gives excuses as to why they are buying 'luxuries' and why they are 'necessities.' I've said that the reason why I pay for a downtown apartment is because having a car would be more expensive. However, I've lived in the suburbs before and have taken a bus. I just don't want to get back on the bus even though I would save hundreds of dollars a months.

I've heard people say that they use coupons and, therefore, the ready made food is cheaper. However, unless you are like the people on Extreme Couponing, you are probably still paying more. The way to know is to see what is the average price per pound for veggies, rice, meat, etc. I've found that using $1/lbs of food is pretty accurate if you stay to the meat on sale, whole chickens, and chicken drumsticks. Therefore, if a 16oz package of a ready made meal costs $2, I know I'm paying double for the convenience.

For clothes, people use the excuse of their work to shop. However, after you have a few work outfits, you really don't need many more. See if you can remember when your coworkers wore the same thing as they are wearing today. Most likely, you will not be able to answer that question or guess if they own 5 shirts or 20. If you can't remember their wardrobe, most likely they can't remember yours either.

Bathroom products can be expensive, however, if they are bought on sale, they can cost next to nothing. The trick is not to be brand specific, which is a downfall of many. Try out the shampoo on sale and you will most likely not notice the difference.

Just remember to ask yourself next time you shop if you are buying a luxury or a necessity.

Excel Templates

I just discovered a great way to have your own financial calculators that you can modify. For example, recently I have been struggling with the fact that I am paying off capitalized interest on my private student loan, which means that the whole payment is currently tax deductible. I had two options: pay off an extra $300/month on that loan or save that $300/month in a savings account.

Mathematically, it turns out that I should save $300/month in a savings account for the first 2 years and then pay off my student loan with those savings in the third year after I have paid off my capitalized interest. There is no way to run an amortization schedule where you can change the payment amount after 24 months and add a lump sump payment in the beginning of the third year. However, that and more can be done with Excel Templates.

I also like the fact that in an Excel template, you can save the worksheet and return to it when you feel like it. If you were to use the BankRate amortization schedule, for example, then you would have to reenter your data each time you wanted to change up your payment.

Excel templates offer amortization of payments, monthly and yearly budgets, expense trackers, net worth analyzers, gas and mileage logs, etc. New templates are added by users, so new ones can sprout up any time. Modify any of the templates to meet your specific needs.

Personal Finance iPhone Apps

After reviewing the apps for a months or so, here is my list of the useful personal finance iPhone apps:

1. Mint.com - see what happens to all of your money
2. All your banks such as Chase, which even allows you to take a picture of your check to deposit instead of visiting an actual branch or an atm
3. PayPal - Monitor your account and send money to friends easily
4. Investment accounts such as ShareBuilder to monitor your holdings
5. Zillow.com - useful if you are looking to rent or buy or are just interested in the prices of the houses around your location
6. LoanCalc - See how much sooner you will payoff any loan if you increase your minimum payment
7. Pay Off Debt Lite - See what percentage of your debt you have paid so far since the beginning to motivate you to pay more
8. Credit Card accounts such as Amex to allow yourself to pay your bills from your phone
9. ScoreAdvice - See what you can do with your credit score to improve it
10. Ask Dave - Although I don't always agree with what he says, he does have some good advice, this is an app with clips of his radio show
11. NPR News - the Money Matters radio program releases some great shows on personal finances
12. Local stores such as Walgreen's app to see what's on sale this week
13. Daily deal apps such as Groupon to see the deals of the day
14. News websites such as CNN money to keep up with the current personal finance news
15. Coupon Sherpa - coupons for retail stores near you, although coupons seem to be available for only a few stores
16. GasBuddy - will help you find the cheapest gas near you
17. Kayak - to find the best travel deals
18. Around me deal apps such as AAA Discounts (must have AAA membership) state discounts available using your current location
19. Bar code scanners such as ShopSavvy will help you find the best deal online or in stores
20. Key Ring - if you forget your loyalty card, you can scan the card on your Key Ring app instead
21. Check-in apps like Yelp that allow you to check in to a restaurant or a shop and  receive a discount or a freebie

If you have other personal favorites, let us know in the comments.

The Liz Weston Budget

Budgeting is always in question. I've written a post on budgeting earlier, please see Budgets. However, it's always great to see other opinions as well. Liz Weston is a supporter of the 50/30/20 budget.

This means that 50% of the budget should go to your needs such as shelter, food, transportation, minimums on debts, and utilities. I think 50% for needs is great because in case of a job loss, you can easily survive on half of your income by working part time.

30% of your income should go on wants like clothing, entertainment, and dining out. This is perfect, however, for those who are saddled in debt or are behind on retirement savings, this is a little too much. I would spend half of this on debt repayment or catch up contributions, if I had excessive debt or were behind on saving. If, for example, someone does not have an emergency fund, they should not go out and spend 30% of their money on things they want, but do not need.

20% of your money should go to savings and debt repayment. I think you should be saving a minimum of 15% for retirement per year, therefore, leaving you with 5% for debt repayment. 5% is unrealistic if you have a lot of debt.

Therefore, this is a great budget to follow when you have a fully funded emergency fund, you are on track for retirement, and you have a low debt ratio. I would consider a low debt ration to be below 10% of your take home pay or even lower.

Cut Your Bills - Insurance

Insurance is something unavoidable, if you own a car that is. However, many people overpay simply because they stick with the insurance agency that gave them their first quote or they never compared rates. A great company for comparing rates is Insurance.com. This site allows you to fill in the forms once and get quotes from several companies.

However, it does not hurt to get quotes from other companies that you do not see on the Insurance.com list, or even those that show up, just to make sure.

Upromise.com will offer $5 if you request a quote from Liberty Mutual, even if you do not sign up for their insurance.

Make sure to compare insurance rates every time your insurance expires as you might be able to get a better deal elsewhere. Also, make sure to pay your premium in full for the 6 months. Usually, it will lead to great savings.